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Format Date in JavaScript
Create a Date
In Javascript, you can use the new Date() constructor to create a new Date object.
javascript
let now = new Date() // current date and time
let date1 = new Date(1700320703000); // passing milliseconds epoch timestamp
let date2 = new Date(2023, 11, 18, 3, 24, 0); //year, monthIndex, day, hours, minutes, seconds (the month is 0-indexed)
let date3 = new Date("2023-11-18T03:24:00")
var date4 = new Date("2023-11-18T03:24:00.000+08:00"); //YYYY-MM-DDTHH:mm:ss.sssZlet now = new Date() // current date and time
let date1 = new Date(1700320703000); // passing milliseconds epoch timestamp
let date2 = new Date(2023, 11, 18, 3, 24, 0); //year, monthIndex, day, hours, minutes, seconds (the month is 0-indexed)
let date3 = new Date("2023-11-18T03:24:00")
var date4 = new Date("2023-11-18T03:24:00.000+08:00"); //YYYY-MM-DDTHH:mm:ss.sssZGet Current Unixt timestamp
javascript
let timestamp1 = new Date().getTime() //UNIX epoch timestamp in milliseconds
let timestamp2 = Math.round(new Date().getTime() / 1000) //UNIX epoch timestamp in secondslet timestamp1 = new Date().getTime() //UNIX epoch timestamp in milliseconds
let timestamp2 = Math.round(new Date().getTime() / 1000) //UNIX epoch timestamp in secondstoString()
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let now = new Date()
console.log(now.toString()) //Fri Nov 17 2023 16:02:55 GMT+0800 (China Standard Time)let now = new Date()
console.log(now.toString()) //Fri Nov 17 2023 16:02:55 GMT+0800 (China Standard Time)toDateString()
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let now = new Date()
console.log(now.toDateString()) //Fri Nov 17 2023let now = new Date()
console.log(now.toDateString()) //Fri Nov 17 2023toLocaleString()
toLocaleString(locales, options)
javascript
let now = new Date()
console.log(now.toLocaleString()) // 11/17/2023, 4:02:55 PM
console.log(now.toLocaleString('en-US')) // 11/17/2023, 4:02:55 PM
console.log(now.toLocaleString('en-US',{ timeZone: 'US/Pacific' })) // 11/17/2023, 12:02:55 AM
console.log(now.toLocaleString('zh-CN')) // 2023/11/17 16:02:55
console.log(now.toLocaleString('zh-CN',{ timeZone: 'UTC' })) // 2023/11/17 08:02:55let now = new Date()
console.log(now.toLocaleString()) // 11/17/2023, 4:02:55 PM
console.log(now.toLocaleString('en-US')) // 11/17/2023, 4:02:55 PM
console.log(now.toLocaleString('en-US',{ timeZone: 'US/Pacific' })) // 11/17/2023, 12:02:55 AM
console.log(now.toLocaleString('zh-CN')) // 2023/11/17 16:02:55
console.log(now.toLocaleString('zh-CN',{ timeZone: 'UTC' })) // 2023/11/17 08:02:55ToLocaleDateString()
javascript
let now = new Date()
const options = {
weekday: 'long',
year: 'numeric',
month: 'long',
day: 'numeric',
};
console.log(now.toLocaleDateString()) // 11/17/2023
console.log(now.toLocaleDateString('en-US')) // 11/17/2023
console.log(now.toLocaleDateString('en-US',options)) // Friday, November 17, 2023
console.log(now.toLocaleDateString('zh-CN')) // 2023/11/17
console.log(now.toLocaleDateString('zh-CN',options)) // 2023年11月17日星期五let now = new Date()
const options = {
weekday: 'long',
year: 'numeric',
month: 'long',
day: 'numeric',
};
console.log(now.toLocaleDateString()) // 11/17/2023
console.log(now.toLocaleDateString('en-US')) // 11/17/2023
console.log(now.toLocaleDateString('en-US',options)) // Friday, November 17, 2023
console.log(now.toLocaleDateString('zh-CN')) // 2023/11/17
console.log(now.toLocaleDateString('zh-CN',options)) // 2023年11月17日星期五ToLocaleTimeString()
javascript
let now = new Date()
console.log(now.toLocaleTimeString()) // 4:02:55 PM
console.log(now.toLocaleTimeString('en-US')) // 4:02:55 PM
console.log(now.toLocaleTimeString('zh-CN')) // 16:02:55let now = new Date()
console.log(now.toLocaleTimeString()) // 4:02:55 PM
console.log(now.toLocaleTimeString('en-US')) // 4:02:55 PM
console.log(now.toLocaleTimeString('zh-CN')) // 16:02:55toUTCString()
javascript
let now = new Date()
console.log(now.toUTCString()) //Fri, 17 Nov 2023 08:02:55 GMTlet now = new Date()
console.log(now.toUTCString()) //Fri, 17 Nov 2023 08:02:55 GMTtoISOString()
Format a date as an ISO 8601 format. The timezone is always UTC, as denoted by the suffix Z.
javascript
let now = new Date()
console.log(now.toISOString()) //2023-11-17T08:02:55.274Zlet now = new Date()
console.log(now.toISOString()) //2023-11-17T08:02:55.274ZRFC3339 Format
Format a date as an RFC 3339 format with timezone.
javascript
function rfc3339(d) {
function pad(n) {
return n < 10 ? "0" + n : n;
}
function timezoneOffset(offset) {
var sign;
if (offset === 0) {
return "Z";
}
sign = (offset > 0) ? "-" : "+";
offset = Math.abs(offset);
return sign + pad(Math.floor(offset / 60)) + ":" + pad(offset % 60);
}
return d.getFullYear() + "-" +
pad(d.getMonth() + 1) + "-" +
pad(d.getDate()) + "T" +
pad(d.getHours()) + ":" +
pad(d.getMinutes()) + ":" +
pad(d.getSeconds()) +
timezoneOffset(d.getTimezoneOffset());
}
const now = new Date();
console.log(rfc3339(now)) // 2023-11-21T15:55:12+08:00function rfc3339(d) {
function pad(n) {
return n < 10 ? "0" + n : n;
}
function timezoneOffset(offset) {
var sign;
if (offset === 0) {
return "Z";
}
sign = (offset > 0) ? "-" : "+";
offset = Math.abs(offset);
return sign + pad(Math.floor(offset / 60)) + ":" + pad(offset % 60);
}
return d.getFullYear() + "-" +
pad(d.getMonth() + 1) + "-" +
pad(d.getDate()) + "T" +
pad(d.getHours()) + ":" +
pad(d.getMinutes()) + ":" +
pad(d.getSeconds()) +
timezoneOffset(d.getTimezoneOffset());
}
const now = new Date();
console.log(rfc3339(now)) // 2023-11-21T15:55:12+08:00Get Current time zone and supported time zone list
javascript
const now = new Date();
console.log(now.getTimezoneOffset()) // -480
console.log(Intl.DateTimeFormat().resolvedOptions().timeZone) //Asia/Shanghai
console.log(Intl.supportedValuesOf('timeZone')); //Get timezones listconst now = new Date();
console.log(now.getTimezoneOffset()) // -480
console.log(Intl.DateTimeFormat().resolvedOptions().timeZone) //Asia/Shanghai
console.log(Intl.supportedValuesOf('timeZone')); //Get timezones listFormat Date to another timezone
JavaScript Date object does not store any timezone information (it contains unix timestamp inside, and when you call .getMinutes (), getHours (), toString () it uses system timezone). So if you want to format a Date to another timezone, you need to use moment-timezone.
javascript
const moment = require('moment-timezone');
const now = new Date()
console.log(now.toString()) //default timezone: Wed Nov 22 2023 12:13:10 GMT+0800 (China Standard Time)
console.log(moment(now).toString()) //default timezone: Wed Nov 22 2023 12:13:10 GMT+0800
console.log(moment(now).tz("America/New_York").toString()) //New York Timezone: Tue Nov 21 2023 23:13:10 GMT-0500
console.log(moment(now).tz("America/New_York").toDate().toString()) //Convert to Date Object, use default timezone: Wed Nov 22 2023 12:13:10 GMT+0800 (China Standard Time)const moment = require('moment-timezone');
const now = new Date()
console.log(now.toString()) //default timezone: Wed Nov 22 2023 12:13:10 GMT+0800 (China Standard Time)
console.log(moment(now).toString()) //default timezone: Wed Nov 22 2023 12:13:10 GMT+0800
console.log(moment(now).tz("America/New_York").toString()) //New York Timezone: Tue Nov 21 2023 23:13:10 GMT-0500
console.log(moment(now).tz("America/New_York").toDate().toString()) //Convert to Date Object, use default timezone: Wed Nov 22 2023 12:13:10 GMT+0800 (China Standard Time)Get User Locale
javascript
const locale = (navigator && navigator.language) || "en";
console.log(locale); // en-USconst locale = (navigator && navigator.language) || "en";
console.log(locale); // en-USParameters
locales
| locale | Meaning |
|---|---|
| ar-SA | Arabic (Saudi Arabia) |
| ar-SA | Arabic (Saudi Arabia) |
| bn-BD | Bangla (Bangladesh) |
| bn-IN | Bangla (India) |
| cs-CZ | Czech (Czech Republic) |
| da-DK | Danish (Denmark) |
| de-AT | Austrian German |
| de-CH | "Swiss" German |
| de-DE | Standard German (as spoken in Germany) |
| el-GR | Modern Greek |
| en-AU | Australian English |
| en-CA | Canadian English |
| en-GB | British English |
| en-IE | Irish English |
| en-IN | Indian English |
| en-NZ | New Zealand English |
| en-US | US English |
| en-ZA | English (South Africa) |
| es-AR | Argentine Spanish |
| es-CL | Chilean Spanish |
| es-CO | Colombian Spanish |
| es-ES | Castilian Spanish (as spoken in Central-Northern Spain) |
| es-MX | Mexican Spanish |
| es-US | American Spanish |
| fa-IR | Iranian (Iran) |
| fi-FI | Finnish (Finland) |
| fr-BE | Belgian French |
| fr-CA | Canadian French |
| fr-CH | "Swiss" French |
| fr-FR | Standard French (especially in France) |
| he-IL | Hebrew (Israel) |
| hi-IN | Hindi (India) |
| hu-HU | Hungarian (Hungary) |
| id-ID | Indonesian (Indonesia) |
| it-CH | "Swiss" Italian |
| it-IT | Standard Italian (as spoken in Italy) |
| ja-JP | Japanese (Japan) |
| ko-KR | Korean (Republic of Korea) |
| nl-BE | Belgian Dutch |
| nl-NL | Standard Dutch (as spoken in The Netherlands) |
| no-NO | Norwegian (Norway) |
| pl-PL | Polish (Poland) |
| pt-BR | Brazilian Portuguese |
| pt-PT | European Portuguese (as written and spoken in Portugal) |
| ro-RO | Romanian (Romania) |
| ru-RU | Russian (Russian Federation) |
| sk-SK | Slovak (Slovakia) |
| sv-SE | Swedish (Sweden) |
| ta-IN | Indian Tamil |
| ta-LK | Sri Lankan Tamil |
| th-TH | Thai (Thailand) |
| tr-TR | Turkish (Turkey) |
| zh-CN | Mainland China, simplified characters |
| zh-HK | Hong Kong, traditional characters |
| zh-TW | Taiwan, traditional characters |
options
| key | options |
|---|---|
| dateStyle | "full","long","medium","short" |
| timeStyle | "full","long","medium","short" |
| localeMatcher | "best-fit" (default), "lookup" |
| timeZone | |
| hour12 | false,true |
| hourCycle | "h11","h12","h23","h24" |
| formatMatcher | "basic","best-fit" (default) |
| weekday | "long","short","narrow" |
| year | "2-digit","numeric" |
| month | "2-digit","long","narrow","numeric","short" |
| day | "2-digit","numeric",hour "2-digit","numeric" |
| minute | "2-digit","numeric" |
| second | "2-digit","numeric" |
| timeZoneName | "long","short" |