Talk About Cities

You may want to talk about ...

• Location / Size
• History
• Industry
• Interesting places / Attractions
• Weather

Location / Size

• Manchester's located in the north of England.
• Manchester's located to the north of London.
• It can be found in the north of India.
• It can be found to the south of New Delhi
• It can be found on the south coast of India.
• The zoo is in the vicinity of the city centre. (nearby, close by, in the neighbourhood of ...)
• It's a two-hour drive from ____.
• It's about three hours on the train from ____.

Industry

Primary industries such as,

• Agriculture
• Mining
• Farming
• Fishing
• Oil and Gas

Manufacturing

The Service Industry

• Tourism
• Hospitaliy
• Recreation
• Food and beverage

The finance industry

IT

The entertaiment industry

• It relies mainly on tourism/the service industy.
• It's famous for tourism/the service industry.
• Its main source of revenue comes from tourism/the service industry.
• The economy depends mainly on tourism/the service industry.

Interesting palces / Attractions

Temples / museums / art galleries / beaches / montains ...

• It's famous for its ____.
• Places worth visiting include ____.
• Tourist tend to flock to ____.
• The places that attract most visotors are ____.
• Vistors are drawn by the amazing views.
• The old quarter / the river / the nightlife is a big pull factor.
• If you could only do one thing in ____, I would recommend going to the Tate Gallery.

Urbanisation of cities

How cities have changed in recent years?

• Many new buildings have come up / spround up / cropped up.
• There has been an influx of citizens into cities.
• Increased urbanisation had led to a higher cost of living.
• There are more recreational facilities and amenities.
• More and more shanty towns and slums have appeared.

Advantages of livings in a city

• Better job opportunities
• Higher quality education
• Reliable public transport
• Access to culture
• High level of conveninece
• Variety of shopping outlest / malls
• Entertainment facilities
• Better standard of living
• Better health facilities
• Better quality public utilities

Disadvantages of living in a city

• Traffic congstion / Traffic jams
• Pollution
• Air pollution / noise pollution / traffic pollution / water pollution / ligh pollution
• Overcrowding(n.) / overpopulated(adj.)
• Dense population
• Growth of slums
• High rate of competition for jobs
• High rate of unemployment
• Crime rate is very high.
• High cost of living
• Wealth inequality
• Growing gap/dispartiy between the rich and poor
• High levels of stress
• The city is a concrete jungle.
• You get stuck in the rat race (= working 9 to 5 everyday and stuck in a boring routine)

City

Indianapolis /ˌɪndɪəˈnæpəlɪs/

country flagsNational Flags of different countries

North America, Central and South America

Country	People
Mexico /ˈmeksɪkəʊ/	Mexican /ˈmeksɪkən/
Colombia /kəˈlʌmbiə/	Colombian /kəˈlʌmbiən
Bolivia /bəˈlɪviə/	Bolivian /bəˈlɪvɪən/
Ecuador /ˈekwədɔː(r)/	Ecuadorian /ˌekwəˈdɔːriən/
Peru /pəˈruː/	Peruvian /pəˈruːvɪən/
Brazil /brəˈzɪl/	Brazilian /brəˈzɪliən/
Argentina /ˌɑːdʒənˈtiːnə/ /ˌɑːrdʒənˈtiːnə/	Argentinian /ˌɑːdʒənˈtɪniən/ /ˌɑːrdʒənˈtɪniən/
Venezuela /ˌvenəˈzweɪlə/	Venezuelan /ˌvenəˈzweɪlən/
Uruguay /ˈjʊərəɡwaɪ/	Uruguayan /ˌjʊərəˈɡwaɪən/

Asia

Country	People
Indonesia /ˌɪndəˈniːʒə/	Indonesian /ˌɪndəˈniːʒn/
Malaysia /məˈleɪʒə/	Malaysian /məˈleɪʒn/
Japan /dʒəˈpæn/	Japanese /ˌdʒæpəˈniːz/
Vietnam /ˌviːetˈnɑːm/	Vietnamese /ˌviːetnəˈmiːz/
Thailand /ˈtaɪlænd/	Thai /taɪ/
Myanmar /ˈmjænmɑː(r)/ /ˈmjɑːnmɑːr/	Burmese /bɜːˈmiːz/ /bɜːrˈmiːz/
Philippines /ˈfɪlɪpiːnz/	Philippine /ˈfɪlɪpiːn/
Bangladesh /ˌbæŋɡləˈdeʃ/	Bangladeshi /ˌbæŋɡləˈdeʃi/
India /ˈɪndiə/	Indian /ˈɪndiən/
Yemen /ˈjemən/	Yemenese
Palestine /ˈpæləstaɪn/	Palestinian /ˌpæləˈstɪniən/
Iran /ɪˈrɑːn; ɪˈræn/	Iranian /ɪˈreɪniən/
Saudi Arabia /ˌsaʊdi əˈreɪbiə/	Saudi Arabian /ˌsaʊdi əˈreɪbiən/
Israel /ˈɪzreɪl/	Israeli /ɪzˈreɪli/
Kuwait /kʊˈweɪt/	Kuwaiti /kʊˈweɪti/
Pakistan /ˌpɑːkɪˈstɑːn/	Pakistani /ˌpɑːkɪˈstɑːni/
Lebanon /ˈlebənən/	Lebanese /ˌlebəˈniːz/
Kyrgyzstan /ˌkɜːɡɪˈstɑːn/

Africa

Country	People
Egypt /ˈiːdʒɪpt/	Egyption /iˈdʒɪpʃn/
Sudan /suˈdæn/	Sudanese /ˌsuːdəˈniːz/
Uganda /juːˈɡændə/	Ugandan /juːˈɡændən/
Nigeria /naɪˈdʒɪəriə/	Nigerian /naɪˈdʒɪəriən/

Europe

Country	People
Europe /ˈjʊərəp/	European /ˌjʊərəˈpiːən/
Germany /ˈdʒɜːməni/ /ˈdʒɜːrməni/	German /ˈdʒɜːmən/ /ˈdʒɜːrmən/
France /frɑːns/ /fræns/	Franch /frentʃ/
Italy /ˈɪtəli/	Italian /ɪˈtæliən/
England /ˈɪŋɡlənd/	Englander /ˈɪŋɡləndə(r)/
Croatia /krəʊˈeɪʃə/	Croatian /krəʊˈeɪʃn/ Croat /ˈkrəʊæt/
Sweden /ˈswiːd(ə)n/	Swedish /ˈswiːdɪʃ/
Luxembourg /ˈlʌksəmbɜːɡ/	Luxemburger /'lʌksəmbə:ɡə/
Bulgaria /bʌlˈɡeəriə/	Bulgarian /bʌlˈɡeəriən/
Portugal /ˈpɔːtʃʊɡl/	Portuguese /ˌpɔːtʃʊˈɡiːz/

Others

Country	People
Nigeria /naɪˈdʒɪəriə/	Nigerian /naɪˈdʒɪərɪən/
Russia /ˈrʌʃə/	Russian /ˈrʌʃ(ə)n/
Ethiopia /ˌiːθiˈəʊpiə/	Ethiopian /ˌiːθiˈəʊpiən/
Congo /ˈkɒŋɡəʊ/	Congolese /ˌkɒŋɡəˈliːz/
Turkey /ˈtɜːki/ /ˈtɜːrki/	Turks /tɜːrks/
South Africa /ˌsaʊθ ˈæfrɪkə/	South African /ˌsaʊθ ˈæfrɪkən/
Tanzania /ˌtænzəˈniːə/	Tanzania /ˌtænzəˈniːən/
Ukraine /juːˈkreɪn/	Ukrainian /juːˈkreɪniən/ /jʊˈkraɪnɪən/
Belarus /ˌbel.əˈruːs/	Belarusian

Oceans

• Atlantic/ətˈlæntɪk/ Ocean
• Pacific/pəˈsɪfɪk/ Ocean
• Arctic/ˈɑːktɪk/ Ocean
• Indian /ˈɪndiən/ Ocean
• Antarctic /ænˈtɑːktɪk/

Cities

• Calcutta = Kolkata /kælˈkʌtə/
• Toronto /təˈrɒntəʊ/
• Zagreb /ˈzɑːˌɡreb/
• Kiev = kyiv /ˈkiːev/
• Beirut /beɪˈruːt/
• Munich /ˈmjuːnɪk/
• Jerusalem /dʒəˈruːsələm/
• Madrid /məˈdrɪd/
• Cairo /ˈkaɪərəʊ/
• Karachi /kəˈrɑːtʃi/
• Taipei /ˈtaɪˌpeɪ/
• Belgrade /belˈɡreɪd/
• Saigon /sai'ɡɔn/
• Tehran /teˈrɑːn/
• Seoul /səʊl/
• Kuala Lumpur /,kwɑ:lə'lumpuə/
• Fortalez /ˌfɔːtəˈleɪzə/
• Sao Paulo
• Mexico City
• Los Angeles /'ændʒələs/
• Berlin /bɜːˈlɪn/
• Thimphu /ˈθɪpʊ/
• Casablanca /ˌkæsəˈblæŋkə/
• Bogota /ˌbəʊɡəˈtɑː/
• Bishkek /'biʃkek/
• Dhaka /ˈdækə/
• Bucharest /ˈbuːkərest/
• Bangkob /ˈbæŋkɒk/
• Montevideo /ˌmɒntɪvɪˈdeɪəʊ/
• Athens /ˈæθɪnz/
• Lima /ˈliːmə/
• Chisinau
• Samara
• Yerevan